What is MMO Anode and its Application?

What is MMO Anode and its Application?

MMO anodes are metal substrate coated with noble metals or metal oxides function as an anode in the electrochemical process. The base metal is working as an electric conductor and gives mechanic form and structural strength and electrochemically active coating is working as a current feeder to the solution.

Noble metal anodes are coated with platinum or platinum alloys and metal oxide anodes are mainly coated with mixtures of ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide, cobalt oxide, tin oxide, and various spinels and titanium oxide or tantalum oxide. Noble metal anodes have been used since the 1950s and metal oxide anodes from the early 1970s. The benefits of the MMO anodes compared to massive metal, graphite, or magnetite anodes are wear resistance, better catalytic qualities, and smaller size, which make them use easier in various applications. Higher cost can be taken as a disadvantage of these mixed metal oxide anodes.

MMO anodes have been used in the electrochemical process industry, surface finishing technology, environmental protection technology, and cathodic protection in different environments. Reactions on the anode surface are mainly gas evolution reactions, in other words, oxygen evolution or chlorine evolution depending on the solution.