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Hard chrome plating is a technique of electroplating a layer of chromium onto a metal object; it can increase the durability, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of metal components for more effective use in machinery and equipment. Hydrochloric, hydrofluoric, and sulfuric acids are mainly used as etching solutions. In such working environment, attack the metal of the anode is often occurs. Lead alloy anodes are not as prone to corrosion from the fluoride electrolyte solution or acids as some other an

When to Replace the Anode Rod in A Water Heater? All water heaters have solid rods, usually in magnesium, aluminum, or zinc material suspended in the tank. This kind of sacrificial anode rod is to keep the steel tank away from corrosion. The working principle is simple. When two metals are in contact in a water solution, the more reactive metal will corrode completely before the less active metal begins to rust. Since magnesium, aluminum, and zinc anode are far more reactive compared to the steel in the water heater tank so that th

Electrochemical oxidation processes have been used for treating various wastewater since it produces highly active hydroxyl radicals (•OH) that are promising in the removal of anions, toxic metals, pharmaceuticals, chromium, arsenic, organic pollutants, and bio-refractory wastewater. Various electrode materials include BDD, PbO2, Pt, Ti/IrO2, glassy carbon, SnO2-Sb and graphite have been investigated for the electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants. Some anodes favor the selective oxidation or conversion of the organics

What is advanced electrochemical oxidation? Electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have been developed for the treatment of environmental pollution, especially focusing on water streams. EAOP can generate a very powerful oxidizing agent hydroxyl radical (•OH) in solution, this hydroxyl radical destroys organics up to their mineralization. EAOPs include heterogeneous processes like anodic oxidation and photoelectrocatalysis methods, in which •OH are generated at the anode surface either electrochemically o