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Why Lead anodes is used in electrowinning? Electrowinning anodes are almost always cold rolled lead-tin-calcium (Pb-Sn-Ca) alloys containing about 98.4% lead (oxygen scavenged prior to alloying), 1.5% tin and 0.1% calcium. Tin provides corrosion resistance and corrosion layer conductivity while calcium and cold rolling add strength. This Pb-SnCa blades are soldered onto slotted copper hanger bars for support in the electrolytic cells. Lead is then electrodeposited around the joints to protect them from corrosion. The Pb-

How Current Density Affect the Cathode Deposit in Copper Electrowinning? In the copper electrowinning process, the copper plating rate increases with increasing current density. However, excessive current density gives rough, nodular cathode deposits and decreased copper purity. Therefore, each plant chooses its current density as a balance between these opposing factors. Maximizing current efficiency Current efficiencies in modern electrowinning plants maybe around 90 %. The unused current is wasted by: (a) anode/cathode shor

Acid Mist Suppression in Copper Electrowinning In the electrowinning of copper process, immersing metal cathodes and inert conductive anodes are employed in an aqueous solution of copper sulphate containing free sulphuric acid (CuSO4-H2SO4-H2O electrolyte). An electrical potential is applied between the anodes and cathodes, and pure metallic copper is generated from the electrolyte onto the cathodes. Copper is electrodeposited on the cathodes for about one week, after which harvesting is done while water dissociates into hydrogen i

What is the Purpose of Counter Electrodes in Electrochemical Reaction? Most electrochemical methods involve the use of three electrodes; namely the working electrode (WE), reference electrode (RE), and the counter electrode (CE) which is also called the secondary or auxiliary electrode. The three electrodes are connected to a potentiostat /galvanostat, which is an instrument that can perform both controlled potential (potentiostatic) and controlled current (galvanostatic) experiments. The potential drop near the other current-carry