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Why MMO Tubular Anodes are Mostly Used for Groundbed Cathodic Protection? MMO tubular anode is an efficient choice for many underground cathodic protection applications. The mixed metal oxide (MMO) coated titanium tubular with a center connection was shown to be the most economical for this application. These types of electrodes were used in both surface and deep anode configurations. Since the anodic reactions are anticipated to be both oxygen evolution and chlorine evolution, it is important that the coating be a combination of i

MMO Ti Linear Anodes in Concentric Rings for Tank Bottom Cathodic Protection MMO Ti linear anodes in concentric rings have been used for tank bottom cathodic protection recently. This new design is easy positioning and high reliability comparing to MMO ribbon anode in grid configuration. This linear anodes in concentric rings system has no field cutting or welding—the anode rings are supplied factory assembled, tested, and ready to be laid into position prior to backfilling. The anode is typically backf

MMO Coated Ribbon Anode in Grid Configuration for Tank Bottoms Cathodic Protection An impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) is employed for tank bottoms corrosion since it  allow low profile used between the tank bottom and any secondary containment liner or existing tank bottom in the case of a double bottom tank. The field-erected anode grid configuration is one of primary cathodic protection configurations  of MMO anodes for tank bottoms. It adopts MMO ribbon anodes field cut into strips and laid out

Coke Breezes Used in Impressed Current Cathodic Protection System Coke breeze is the typical backfill material used in impressed current CP systems. It is employed to lower anode resistance and increase anode life. Metallurgical coke and petroleum coke are two common types. Metallurgical coke is derived from heating coal (coking) during the steel making process, which is usually adequate for most surface bed applications but generally requires tamping. Petroleum coke is derived in the refining process then calcined whose qual