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How Dimensionally Stable Anodes(DSA) are Applied for the Chlor-alkali Industry? During the first half of the 20th century, Chlor-alkali cells were equipped with graphite anodes. Despite having been a well established technology for the anodic evolution of chlorine, the disadvantages related to the consumption of graphite were evident. The oxidation of graphite, not only caused the contamination of the chlorine but also reduced the service life of the anodes to a maximum of 24 months. Besides, the consumption of graphite increases t

What is Oxygen Evolution Reaction(OER)? The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) takes place in many industrial processes, such as water electrolysis, electrowinning, cathodic protection and electro-organic synthesis. Unlike hydrogen and chlorine evolution on metals or metal oxides, the OER represents low reversibility. Understanding the complicated kinetics of the OER presents a challenge to electrochemists. Metal oxides are most frequently used as anodes in acidic media, although most transition metal oxides such as nickel, cobalt and

How Dimensional Stable Anode(DSA) Used in Tannery Waste Advanced Oxidation Processes(AOPs)? Discharged tannery waste contains high concentrations of pollutants, solid wastes, and toxic gases which affect the surrounding environment.Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are known for the decomposition of organic compounds by the free hydroxyl radicals, due to their high oxidation potential and mineralization of almost any organic molecule in wastewater, to produce CO2 and inorganic ions in the output product. Among the AOPs, electroch

Why Dimensionally Stable Anodes (DSA) are Effective in Dyes Wastewater Treatment? Dyes wastewater contains a large number of dye pigments, these synthetic organic dyes contain toxic material. Their high chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels in wastewater create serious problems in the environment. Conventional methods for dye wastewater treatment include physicochemical, electro-coagulation, and biological treatment. Electrochemical processes considered a very effective method for the removal of synthetic organic dyes from wastewater